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鸭病1病毒病 中英文常用词汇 恶劣天气(inclement weather conditins) 食肉动物(predators) 生物安全(biosecurity)应当是疾病预防的一个重要部分。 生物安全是为农场提供的一整套防止病因引入和扩散的指南或程序。 育雏室(brooder house) 完全隔离(total isolation) 无菌环境(germ-free enviroment) 母体免疫(maternalimmunity) 不良免疫原(poor immunogens) 高免的(hyperimmunized)或接种疫苗的鸭(vaccinated birds) 卵黄抗体制品(yolk antibody preparations) 菌苗(bacterin)或活苗(live vaccine) 改良活苗(modified live virus) 活的弱毒苗免疫(live attenuated vaccine) 鸡胚适应的活的无毒疫苗(chicken embryo-adapted live avirulent vaccine) 自体菌苗(自家农场分离菌制苗)(autogenous bacterin) 福尔马林灭活的细胞悬液( Formalin-inactivated cell suspension) 抗原 antigen --------------------------- 菌体抗原, O 抗原,不动型抗原( somatic, O) 荚膜抗原, K抗原 ( capsular, K) 鞭毛抗原 ,H抗原,能动型抗原 ( flagellar, H) 毒力抗原, Vi抗原 (Virulence antigen) 完全抗原, ( complete antigen) 不完全抗原 (incomplete antigen) 不完全抗原,部分抗原,半抗原 (partial antigen, haptene) 共同抗原 (common antigen) 结合抗原 conjugated antigen 封套(衣壳)抗原 envelope antigen 人工抗原 artifitial antigen 嗜异抗原 heterophile antigen 异种抗原 heterogenetic antigen(different) 同种抗原 isophil,isophile antigen 中介抗原 intermediary antigen 改变抗原 modified antigen 残余抗原 residue antigen 可溶性抗原 soluble antigen, antigens,S; 根据其基因型和表现型特性(genotypic and phenotypic characteristic) 将其放在新建的黄杆菌/噬纤维菌群的岳梅日拉属(placing in a newly created genus Riemerella in Flavobacterium/Cytophaga group based on its genotypic and pheno typic characteristics)中, 此前曾经放在不同的属内 鼻疽杆菌属被称为鸭疫斐佛氏菌 Pfeifferella anatipestifer 莫拉克氏菌属鸭疫莫拉克氏菌 Moraxella anatipestifer 巴氏杆菌属的鸭疫巴氏杆菌 Pasteurella anatipestifer PA) 鸭致病的球虫: 毁灭泰泽球虫 (tyzzerria perniciosa), 菲莱氏温扬球虫( wenonella philiplevinei)。 血琼脂 blood agar 巧克力琼脂 chocolate agar 酵母浸膏 yeast extract 新生牛血清 newborn calf serum 胰酪蛋白胨大豆琼脂 trypticase soy agar 药物名称 0.05%的磺胺喹恶啉 sulfaquinoxaline 0.02-0.04%的磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶-甲黎嘧胺 sulfadimethoxine-ormetoprim 磺胺间二甲氧嘧啶-甲黎嘧胺 SDM-ORM (饲料中加入0.08% 治疗鸭疫巴氏杆菌) 夫喃类 nitrofurans 0.011%的夫喃唑酮(痢特灵) furazolidone 磺胺类(sulfa) 抗生素 antibiotics 金霉素 chlortetracycline 青霉素 pencillin, 链霉素 streptomycin 新霉素 Neomycin sulfate 红霉素 erythromycin 恩喏沙星 enrofloxacin 饮水中加入恩喏沙星 enrofloxacin(25ppm) 林肯霉素(lincomycin,200g/吨 新霉素(novobiocin,350g/吨)也有效。 症状名词 倦怠 listless 萎顿 droopy 萎顿 listlessness例句: Affected ducklings show listlessness Sick ducklings exhibit listlessness 不能和同窝雏鸭一同运动 inability to move with the brood 抑制 depression 不能站立 unable to stand 神经表现 Nervous signs 共济失调 incoordination=ataxia 运动失调 ataxia=incoordination 头颈颤抖 tremors of head and neck 头部颤抖 head tremors 歪头斜颈 torticollis 角弓反张 opisthotonos(head and legs drawn back) 两腿痉挛性收缩 spasmodic contractions of legs 颈部渐渐松弛麻痹(软颈病)(flaccid paralysis of neck, limberneck) 虚弱、衰弱、虚脱 prostration 滑膜炎引起的跛行 crippling due to synovotis 羽毛粗乱 ruffled feathers 羽毛脱落 loss of feather 皮肤发红 reddened skin 尾脂腺肿胀 swollen uropygial gland 拉稀 Diarrhea 黄绿色水样稀粪 watery greenish-yellow diarrhea 绿色稀便 greenish diarrhea 有时血染 sometimes blood stained. 公鸭阴茎脱出 prolapse of penis in male duck 流泪 lacrimation 化脓性结膜炎和鼻炎 purulent conjunctivitis and rhinitis 打喷嚏 sneezing 流鼻液 discharge from nostrils 鼻液流出 nasal discharge 眼分泌 ocular discharge 眶下窦肿胀 swollen infraorbital sinuses 呼吸困难 dyspnea=dyspnoea 喘气 gasping for air 消化道 食欲缺乏,厌食 anorexia 生长阻碍,矮小,发育不充分 stunted 胚胎病变: 孵化蛋感染 infection of hatching eggs 胚胎死亡、出雏率下降(embryonic mortality and low hatchibility Ducks 北京鸭(White Pekin) 康贝尔(Khaki Campbell) 番鸭 Muscovy (ducks) 印度跑鸭 Indian Runner 杂交鸭 hybrids 不同国家土生的土种鸭 native ducks indigenous to different countries
病理损害lesions conspicuous lesion 显著损害 pathognomonic lesion 特征性(有诊断意义的)损害 gastrointestinal lesions 胃肠道损害 gross lesions 大体损害,肉眼损害 molar lesions 大体损害,肉眼损害 macroscopical lesions 大体损害,肉眼损害 histological lesions 组织学损害 histopathological lesions 组织病理学损害 microscopical lesions 显微镜损害 minute lesions 显微镜损害 microlesions 显微镜损害 focal lesions 局灶性损害 local lesions 局部损害 diffuse lesions 弥漫性损害 disseminated lesions 播散性损害 postmortem lesions 死后损害 puctiform lesion 点状损害 eruptive lesion 发疹损害 肠道 黄白色硬斑 (crusty yellow-white plaques) 假膜(diphtheritic membrane) 肠环状带(intestinal annular bands) (肠道淋巴组织) 口腔糜烂(oral erosins) 纤维素性假膜 fibrinous pseudomembranes 小肠常见卡它性出血性肠炎 catarrhal hemorrhagic enteritis is frequently observed in the small intestines 肠道内充满血染的粘液 intestines which are dilated with blood-stained mucus 盲肠扩张,带有白色液体或者干酪样栓子 Ceca which are dilated with whitish fluid or caseous plugs 心脏 浆液性纤维素性心包炎(serofibrinous pericarditis) 纤维素性心包炎 fibrinous pericarditis 肝脏 肝周炎 perihepatitis 肝脏肿胀、充血、有出血点和点状区 the liver is swollen and hyperemic with petechial hemorrages and punctiform areas 针尖大白色凝固性坏死灶 whitish pinpoint foci of coagulative necrosis 肝脏表面表现针尖大白色凝固性坏死灶 its surface shows whitish pinpoint foci of coagulative necrosis 肝脏表现凝固性坏死 the liver shows coagulative necrosis 肝细胞和枯否氏细胞中存在核内包涵体 intrnuclear inclusins are present in hepatocytes and Kuffer's cells. 嗜酸性核内包涵体 eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions 粘液脓性到干酪样渗出物 mucopurulent to caseous exudate 渗出物湿润、凝乳状和柔毛-化脓状 moist,curd-like flocculo-purulent exudate 腹膜炎 peritonitis 腹水大量积聚 accumulation of large amounts of ascitic fluid 卵黄破裂 rupture of egg yolk 卵黄破裂性腹膜炎 ruptured yolk-peritonitis 胚胎死亡 embryonic mortality 孵化率下降 reduced hatchibility) 卵黄感染(脐炎) infection of yolk sac ,omphalitis 大肠杆菌性败血症 colisepticemia 蜂窝织炎 cellulitis 脾脏 脾脏和胰腺可以肿胀和充血 spleen and pancreas may be enlarged and congested 脾脏色彩斑驳易碎 The spleen is mottled and friable. 脾脏轻度花斑状 The spleen is slightly mottlied 呼吸道 气囊炎 airsacculitis 胸气囊和腹气囊覆盖干燥的干酪样渗出物 Thoracic and abdominal air sac are layered with dry caseous exudate. 慢性型在肺脏和气囊中见到黄绿色斑块或化脓性干酪样渗出物 In chronic form, greyish- green plagues or purulent cheesy exudate are observed in lungs and airsacs. 输卵管充满黄白色渗出物 Oviduct is filled with yellowish-white exudate. 输卵管炎 salpingitis, infection of oviduct 脑膜炎 meningitis Hemorrhages 出血 hemmorrhagic spots 出血点 macules 出血斑点 petechiae 出血点 petechial hemorrhages 点状出血 ecchymosis 出血斑 diffused hemorrhages 弥漫性出血 染色(Stains) 衣原体染色方法:Macchiavello stain(张哲主编,实用病理组织染色技术,辽宁科技,1998, pp200-201 包涵体染色方法)或Gimenez' stains 诊断Diagnosis presumptive diagnosis 预期诊断,推论性诊断 deductive diagnosis 预期诊断 provisional diagnosis 临时诊断 tentative diagnosis 临时诊断 confirmatory diagnosis 肯定诊断 postmortem diagnosis 死后(剖尸)诊断 pathologic diagnosis 病理学诊断 microscopic diagnosis 显微镜诊断 laboratory diagnosis 实验室诊断 clinical diagnosis 临床诊断
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